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                    配环境、跑测试
            
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                    step1：仅一个 return 的 main 函数
            
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                    从零开始的 lexer、parser 以及汇编生成
            
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                    使用中间码
            
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                    IR 简明介绍
            
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                    规范
            
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        <li class="header">常量表达式</li>
        
        
    
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                    step2：一元操作
            
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                    任务概述
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step3：加减乘除模
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step4：比较和逻辑表达式
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step5：局部变量和赋值
            
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                    任务概述
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    其他
            
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                    栈帧
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step6：if 语句和条件表达式
            
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                    任务概述
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    规范
            
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        <li class="header">块语句和作用域和更多语句</li>
        
        
    
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                    step7：作用域和块语句
            
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                    任务概述
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step8：循环语句
            
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                    实验指导
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step9：函数
            
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                    其他
            
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                    函数调用
            
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                    step10：全局变量
            
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                    摘要
            
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                    词法语法分析
            
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                    任务
            
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                    代码生成
            
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                    任务
            
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                    小结
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step11：指针
            
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                    摘要
            
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                    类型检查
            
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                    代码生成
            
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                    任务
            
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                    小结
            
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                    规范
            
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                    step12：数组
            
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&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#xFF0C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x91CD;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x3002;
&#x8FD9;&#x5F20;&#x8868;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5C31; step9 &#x800C;&#x8A00;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x5305;&#x62EC;</p>
<ol>
<li>&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#xFF08;step11 &#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x548C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#xFF1A;9.4</li>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x3002;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#xFF1A;9.2</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="ir-&#x751F;&#x6210;">IR &#x751F;&#x6210;</h2>
<p>step9 &#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; MiniDecaf &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684; IR &#x5C31;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x3002;
&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; MiniDecaf &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684; IR &#x5E94;&#x5F53;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E00;&#x7CFB;&#x5217; <strong>IR &#x51FD;&#x6570;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x6E90;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x90FD;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; IR &#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;
&#x800C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; <strong>IR &#x51FD;&#x6570;</strong> &#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5305;&#x542B;</p>
<ol>
<li>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF1A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#x3001;&#x9700;&#x8981; prologue &#x4E2D;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7684;&#x201C;&#x6808;&#x5E27;&#x201D;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; <sup><a href="#fn_3" id="reffn_3">3</a></sup> &#x7B49;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4F53;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684; IR &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x3002;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x548C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;IR &#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684; Visitor &#x904D;&#x5386; AST &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#xFF1A;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4F53;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x987B;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55; IR</li>
<li>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#xFF1A;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x5B50;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x62FF;&#x5230;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; IR &#x51FD;&#x6570;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x89C1; <a href="calling.html">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;</a>&#x3002;
&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5B83;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5F15;&#x5165; <code>call</code> &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4FEE;&#x6539; <code>ret</code> &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x8BA9;&#x5B83;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x628A;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;&#x5F39;&#x51FA;&#x3002;</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</th>
<th>&#x53C2;&#x6570;</th>
<th>&#x542B;&#x4E49;</th>
<th>IR &#x6808;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x53D8;&#x5316;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>call</code></td>
<td>&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540D;</td>
<td>&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;<sup><a href="#fn_1" id="reffn_1">1</a></sup>&#xFF0C;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x5B8C;&#x540E;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x662F; callee &#x7684;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;</td>
<td>&#x589E;&#x52A0; 1<sup><a href="#fn_2" id="reffn_2">2</a></sup></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>ret</code></td>
<td>&#x65E0;&#x53C2;&#x6570;</td>
<td>&#xFF08;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5728;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x4E86;&#xFF09;&#x7EC8;&#x6B62;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE; caller</td>
<td>&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x751F;&#x6210;">&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x751F;&#x6210;</h2>
<p><code>ret</code> &#x7684;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;&#xFF0C;<code>call</code> &#x7684;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x8868;&#x3002;
| IR       | &#x6C47;&#x7F16;                                                |
| ---      | ---                                                 |
| <code>call FUNC</code> | <code>call FUNC</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x6709;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5C31;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x51E0;&#x6B21; <code>pop</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E; <code>addi sp, sp, -4  ;  sw a0, 0(sp)</code> |</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5728; IR &#x5904;&#x7406;&#x4E86;&#x4F20;&#x53C2;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x65F6;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x518D;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x4F20;&#x53C2;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x975E;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7EA6;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;<code>prologue</code> &#x548C; <code>epilogue</code> &#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x6539;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x5904;&#x7406; caller-save &#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x3002;
&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x589E;&#x52A0; caller/callee-save &#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E0E;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x89C4;&#x8303;&#x8BF4;&#x662F;&#x672A;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x9664;&#x4E86; <code>main</code> &#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE; 0&#x3002;
&#xFF08;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x505A;&#x53CD;&#x800C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x66F4;&#x7B80;&#x4FBF;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#xFF09;</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="&#x603B;&#x7ED3;">&#x603B;&#x7ED3;</h1>
<p>&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x6982;&#x5FF5; <strong>&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7EA6;&#x5B9A;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x4E86;&#x6808;&#x5E27;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x3002;</p>
<h1 id="&#x5907;&#x6CE8;">&#x5907;&#x6CE8;</h1>
<blockquote id="fn_1">
<sup>1</sup>. <code>call</code> &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x4E0D;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x51C6;&#x5907;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;<a href="#reffn_1" title="Jump back to footnote [1] in the text."> &#x21A9;</a>
</blockquote>
<blockquote id="fn_2">
<sup>2</sup>. <code>call</code> &#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#xFF0C;&#x6574;&#x4E2A; callee &#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE; <code>call</code> &#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;IR &#x6808;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x6267;&#x884C; <code>call</code> &#x524D;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x3002;<a href="#reffn_2" title="Jump back to footnote [2] in the text."> &#x21A9;</a>
</blockquote>
<blockquote id="fn_3">
<sup>3</sup>. &#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6808;&#x5E27;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x5F15;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5B83;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x6808;<a href="#reffn_3" title="Jump back to footnote [3] in the text."> &#x21A9;</a>
</blockquote>

                                
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